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FLASHLINE ™ 5000
THERMAL PROPERTIES ANALYZER
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Laser pulse source with
safety interlocks
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Operating ranges from
-180°C to 200°C, and RT to
1600/ 2000/ 2500/ 2800°C
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Automated operation and
easy to use
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Rugged, reliable, modular
design
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Exclusive full-range
optical pyrometer
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Round and square shaped
samples
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Fast testing times and
high sample throughput
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Single, dual or six sample
(indexed) system
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Specific Heat Capacity
determination
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Thermal Conductivity
measurement
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Metals, ceramics, carbons,
graphite, polymers
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Meets
ASTM E1461
MODULAR ARCHITECTURE
The FL-5000 is perhaps the most
flexible system of its kind. It allows the selection of
subsystems and options to assemble a configuration that best
suits any application. Many of these elements are
interchangeable or selectable as an addition at a later date to
grow with changing needs. Noteworthy among these is the
multiple sample testing option pioneered by Anter. This
feature not only produces a 2-6 times increase in productivity,
but also makes the optional specific heat capacity measurement
reliable. The system has the ability to switch furnaces in
minutes.
Simple to operate and safe to use, the system is suitable for
research and development programs, as well as quality control.
It is easy to maintain and very economical to operate in terms
of consumables. The laser module is mobile and can be easily
located near each furnace in a cluster arrangement. The output
of the laser is channeled through a proprietary fiber optic wand
to any of the selected furnaces. Pulse delivery through the
fiber produces outstanding flux uniformity that greatly improves
the data.
The method involves uniform irradiation of a small, disc-shaped
sample over its front face with a very short pulse of energy.
The time-temperature history of the rear face is recorded
through high-speed data acquisition from a solid-state optical
sensor with very fast thermal response. Thermal diffusivity is
determined from the time interval after the flash for the
sample's rear face to reach half of its ultimate temperature
rise. A unique feature of the system is the full-time pulse
mapping and recording capability that allows precise pulse shape
and pulse width correction calculations. Standard configuration
employs a 200-300µs pulse width. An optional pulse stretching
network provides front panel selectable pulse widths between 200
and 1400µs in 4 steps.
Samples can be 8, 10, or 12mm in
diameter and from 1 to 6mm thick. The modular design naturally
allows the separation of the instrument section from the control
electronics for glove box or hot cell installation. Testing time
is only minutes at ambient. Using the thermal conductivity
testing mode, the device offers a nearly tenfold time reduction
when compared to the much more difficult to perform steady-state
measurement procedures.
CONFIGURATION
The system, in its lowest cost
form, is a single sample, conventional device. Alternately, it
may be configured as a dual or six-sample instrument. (A single
sample device can also be upgraded later for multi-sample
operation if ordered with a multi-sample furnace.) The entire
carousel is heated continuously, keeping the samples at the same
temperature for rapid sequential testing. The instrument
automatically indexes the carousel and precisely brings each
sample into alignment.
The rear surface temperature rise is detected with a high
quality InSb detector. Sample temperature is measured with
thermocouples adjacent to the sample or with an optical
pyrometer, depending on the temperature range. Due to the high
thermal uniformity of the furnace, the sample temperature is
known to be within ±0.5°C. Extensive temperature programming is
provided directly from software with very tight (±0.1°C)
resolution.
BASE INSTRUMENT
Consists of remote-controlled
Class I Nd: glass laser (apx. 35 joules maximum power), fiber
optic laser power delivery wand fully interlocked with cell
receptor (furnace, etc.) components, pulse shape sensing fiber
optic link, pulse shape mapping circuit, built-in alignment
laser, missing sample detector, control computer (current model
PC with peripherals), and operating software with basic analysis
( Parker, Degiovanni, and basic Koski methods.)
FURNACES
Each furnace module is complete
with its own power supply, temperature control module and all
auxiliary submodules (overtemperature controls, safety
interlocks, etc.). Also appropriate for each particular
temperature range, a thermocouple or pyrometer is supplied. Each
furnace is equipped with a quick change window with pneumatic
locking.
- Room Temperature Station
- Ultra High Temperature
Graphite Furnaces
- Ultra High Temperature
Tungsten Furnace
- Kanthal S Furnaces
- High Speed (Quenching)
Furnace
- High Pressure Furnace
- Cryogenic Module
SAMPLE HOLDER STRUCTURES
Each
structure consists of two parts:
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indexing module - includes
control electronics,indexing and positioning actuator, and
interface to appropriate furnace modules
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sample support structure -
two basic configurations available
AUXILIARY MODULES
- Melt Capsule
- Powder Holder
- Specialty Holders
- Spacer rings
OPTIONAL SOFTWARE
The FL-5000 is supplied standard
with an extensive operating and data analysis software package
using the Windows™ platform. Additional (advanced) enhancements
are available either as add-on modules that will fully integrate
with the main program, or as stand-alone post-test-analysis
programs.
Specific Heat Capacity determination program (Add on module)
Operates the system in a specific sequential mode to gather data
alternately from the unknown and the reference samples.
Provisions to account for emissivity differences. Requires dual
or carousel type installation.
The use of flash technique to determine heat capacity is based
on alternately measuring a known (reference) and an unknown
(sample) in a quantitative way, and obtaining the results from
their differential behavior. To do this, the flash source must
remain stable during the period that separates the "reference"
shot from the "unknown" shot. Using the multi-sample, indexed
operating mode, this requirement is fully met as the system will
test the "unknown" immediately after the "reference", with
minimal time differential, and in the exact same thermal
environment. Under these conditions, results as good or better
than those produced by conventional means, such as Differential
Scanning Calorimeter, can be obtained. (A detailed discussion of
limitations and comparison to competitive instruments can be
found in Technical Note-71.)
Additional Analysis Programs (Add-on modules)
- Clark and Taylor, least
squares 1D, 2D
- Adv. Koski w/ loss
parameters, Cowan
- Logarithmic 1D, 2D, Moment
1D, 2D
- Nonlinear 1D, 2D
- "Goodness of fit"
statistics
- Two Layer Analysis
- Two and Three Layer
Analysis
ADVANCED POST-ANALYSIS (STAND-ALONE
PROGRAM)
This program is the most advanced
data manipulation software available for thermal diffusivity
test data analysis. It contains a full set of the correction
methods Parker, Clark and Taylor (3 ratios), Degiovanni (3
ratios), Logarithmic 1D, Logarithmic 2D, Moment 1D, Moment 2D,
Least Squares 1D, Least Squares 2D, Koski, and Cowan, Nonlinear
1D, 2D including "goodness of fit" calculations. It allows,
among other features, easy experimentation with the various
parameters for "what if" calculations and comparison between the
resultant curves, etc.
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY DETERMINATION
Thermal conductivity can be
computed from measured values of thermal diffusivity and
specific heat capacity, with the additional knowledge of
density. Thus, a system can automatically determine thermal
conductivity using the measured (or separately entered) heat
capacity and thermal diffusivity, with separately entered
density data.
DATA EXPORT
Exporting of data into Excel or
other third party software. (ASCII format.)
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